the two pathways fundamentally involved in the physiological response to stress are

A. HPA and CRH
B. SAM and PVN
C. SAM and HPA
D. CRH and ACTH

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

SAM and HPA

Explanation:

The physiology of stress has two components. One in which is a fast response meditated by the SAM axis, and one which is a slow response meditated by the HPA axis.


Related Questions

Type the correct answer in each box. Use numerals instead of words. If necessary, use / for the fraction bar(s).

E

x-Y

4

F

X-8

B

G

If AABC and AGEF are congruent, the value of x is___

and the value of y is____

Answers

Answer:

Type the correct answer in each box. Use numerals instead of words. If necessary, use / for the fraction bar(s). Consider the equation below. -2(bx-5)=16The value of x in terms of b is The value of x when b is 3 is

please please help me it’s overdue and i don’t know how to do this

Answers

Answer:

The answer is A.

Explanation:

The answer is A.

Answer:

A and B i think im 99% sure

Explanation:

this list of characteristics describes organisms in the _____ kingdom

Answers

this list of characteristics describes organisms in the united kingdom

The bacteria that is responsible to convert ammonia to nitrates is called



Group of answer choices

E coli

denitrifying bacteria

nitrifying bacteria

Answers

Answer:

nitrifying bacteria

Explanation:

Why should we see the sticks motion well before we see its color?

Answers

Answer:

the surface of an object reflects some colors and absorbs all the others.

correct me if i'm wrong :)

Because of the good soil
composition found in this biome, the
majority of the farmlands in the
United States are found in
A. deserts
B. temperate forests
C. grasslands

Answers

Answer:

C. Grasslands

I need help with 9 and 10

Answers

Answer:

9 melting and evaporation

significance of soil air​

Answers

Answer:

The soil air​ is responsible for influencing the availability of many nutrients. Soil air is also by many of the microorganisms that release plant nutrients to the soil. The soil air can fill soil pores as water drains or is removed from a soil pore by evaporation or root absorption.

Explanation:

True / False

HIV is unique because it copies the information for reproduction from RNA back into DNA.

Answers

Explanation:

True. it is a virus and that's how viruses reproduce.

HIV is a virus which is unique because it copies the information for reproduction from RNA back into DNA, the statement is true.

What is virus ?

A virus is a nonliving thing which is a  connecting link between living and nonliving organism, depend on living host cell for their survival.

virus contain a chain of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) which  use different parts of the cellular machinery to reproduce, and releases the replicated nucleic acid chains

A virus has a protein coat or protein envelope allows the virus to survive between hosts act as a protective covering, do not have cells and lack a cell wall .

The protein coating is called as the capsid, genetic element present and is characterized by the evolution of the virus and the host.

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Which of the following is a problem that could result from poor monitoring of free range grazing?

The increased use of antibiotics
The additional exposure of soil layers
The prevention of invasive plant species
The higher rates of mental illnesses in animals

Answers

Answer:

The additional exposure of soil layers.

Explanation:

Antibiotics are administered by humans, so less contact with humans won't cause an increased use of antibiotics. The prevention of invasive plant species is not a problem, nor would it be caused by improper management of free range animals. Mental Illness in animals is usually caused by being put in small enclosure or living in poor conditions, not by being allowed free range. Therefore, the answer is the additional exposure of soil layers, since excessive grazing can decimate plant and soil layers.

I hope that helped!

Answer:

The additional exposure of soil layers

Explanation:

I took the test and I got it right

Why are Flowers considered as the reproductive part of a plant

Answers

Answer:

because it houses the male and female parts of the plant which produce the male and female gametes

Answer:

Flowers are called reproductive structures of plant as they contain both male and female parts which reproduces to produce pollen grains and eggs. Each of them fertilizers and produces embryo which eventually produces new plant.

many trees in pennsylvania loose their leaves in the autumn and regrow their leaves in the spring. which graph shows the weather change that results in this pattern.

Answers

I’m positive it’s a

what objects could we find in the stratosphere​

Answers


What objects can you find in the stratosphere?: The stratosphere extends from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km (31 miles) above the ground. The infamous ozone layer is found within the stratosphere. Ozone molecules in this layer absorb high-energy ultraviolet (UV) light from the Sun, converting the UV energy into heat.

In a laboratory setting, embryonic stem cells can differentiate into which
types of cells?
any cell from the same organism
any type of prokaryotic cell
any cell from a different organism
any type of eukaryotic cell

Answers

The answer is any cell from the same organism.

6. Identify the main role of cellular respiration? *

Answers

“The main role is the process that occurs in the mitochondria of organisms to break down sugar in the presence of oxygen to release energy in the form of ATP”

The Changing Forms of Carbon
In this activity, you will describe and apply what you just learned about the carbon cycle. You will examine the
picture below and then write two paragraphs that describe the process and changing forms of carbon.
Global Carbon Cycle
Wo.com
Atmosphere
Tour
750
Soil Respiration
Docomposition Photosynthesis
58
120
Burning
Plant
Fossil
Respiration
Fuels
59
Deforestation
and Land Use
Change
1.1
Ocean
Loss
Ocean
Uploke
90
7.7
92
IL
Plants
560
Litterfall
59
Rivers
0,8
Soils
Fossil Fuels
5,000 -10,000
1,500
Earth's Crust
100,000,000
Surface Ocean 725
Intermediate and
Deep Ocean 37,275 Pg
0.01
Borial to Sediments

Answers

Carbon is found in different forms on the Earth. It is found as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, as carbonate and bicarbonate salts in various minerals, as well as it occurs in the elemental form of diamonds and graphite. All biotic factors are based on carbon-containing molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, nucleic acids and vitamins. Carbon is incorporated into life-forms through photosynthesis which is performed in the presence of sunlight by all life-forms that contain chlorophyll. Photosynthesis converts CO2 from the atmosphere or dissolved in water into glucose molecules. These molecules are either converted into other substances or used to provide energy for the synthesis of other biologically important molecules.

The use of glucose to provide energy to living things involved the process of respiration in which oxygen may or may not be used to convert glucose back into CO2. This CO2 goes back into the atmosphere again. The process of combustion also adds to the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This percentage is said to have increased when human beings started cutting down trees, burning fossil fuels, etc. on a very large scale. Thus, carbon is cycled repeatedly through different forms by the various physical and biological activities and this cycle is therefore called carbon cycle.

Hope you could get an idea from here.

Doubt clarification - use comment section.

Carbon cycle is a biogeochemical cycle in which the carbon atom continously moves in the atmosphere through different forms and processes.

What is Carbon cycle?

The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle which describes the process through which carbon atoms continually travel from the atmosphere to back to the Earth and then back into the atmosphere. This cycle goes on repeatedly. Since our planet and its atmosphere forms a closed environment, the amount of carbon in this system does not change, it only transforms from one form to another.

The processes which takes place in carbon cycle include photosynthesis, decomposition, respiration, and combustion. Carbon cycles from the atmosphere into the plants and living things. For example, carbon is a pollutant in the atmosphere which is present as carbon dioxide gas.

Carbon moves from the plants and animals to soil. When the plants and animals die, their bodies, wood, and leaves decays which being carbon into the ground. Some of this carbon is buried and become fossil fuels in millions of years. Carbon moves from living things to the atmosphere through respiration in which they inhale oxygen gas and exhale carbon dioxide gas.

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Assess It! Part 2
KESLER
SCIENCE
Use the vocabulary words from "Read It" to complete the
following sentences.
When rocks break apart into smaller pieces, it is called
(4)
Changes in temperature can cause rocks to
become slightly larger, or (5).
and become
slightly smaller, or (6)
This is often seen with a
type of weathering called (7)
where water
freezes and thaws inside the cracks of rocks. Another
type of weathering is called (8).
I
where the salt
that is left behind when water evaporates can cause
pressure in cracks of the rock.




Words are

Mechanical
Weathering
Depositon
Expand
Contract
Freeze thaw
Frost wedging
Salt wedging
Evoparte

Answers

Answer:

This unit is divided into 3 Arcs. Arc 1 answers the essential question, “What is weather and what factors influence

the weather?” The learning activities included in this arc guide students to use observation skills in order to

describe, explain, and predict weather patterns. Students will learn that the sun’s energy is the driving force of our

weather. They will complete activities to learn about wind, clouds, precipitation, temperature, and the role the

water cycle plays in our weather.

In Arc 2, students examine the essential question, “How does the ocean affect our weather?” Students will

complete activities to help them describe and explain the gulf stream, El Nino, La Nina, Sea and Land Breezes as

well as hurricanes.

Arc 3 allows students to investigate the essential question, “How does weather affect our lives?” Students will

complete activities to help them explain why our choices are based on the weather, as well as the impact that

climate change as on ecosystems. During the culminating activity in Arc 3, students research how to prepare for

extreme weather. Students have several opportunities to use their observations skills while working on their

nature journal

Explanation:

Weathering is the process by which rocks disintegrate into smaller fragments. Rock expands (with heat) and contracts (with cold) in response to temperature changes.

What is Weathering?

Weathering is the deterioration of rocks, soils and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with water, atmospheric gases, and biological organisms.

Rock responds to temperature fluctuations by expanding with heat and contracting with cold. This is frequently observed with a weathering process known as Frost wedging, in which water freezes and thaws inside rock fissures. Salt wedging is a different type of weathering in which the salt that is left over after water evaporates can exert pressure on rock fissures.

Thus, Weathering is defined as the process by which rocks disintegrate into smaller fragments.

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Why does a cis fatty acid have a kinked shape?

Answers

Answer:

Steric hindrance in the cis orientation causes the chain to take on a more bent shape. Most natural unsaturated fatty acids are in the cis conformation. As can be seen in Figure 2.327, the cis fatty acids have a more of kinked shape, which means they do not pack together as well as the saturated or trans fatty acids

Explanation:

Wich of the following occurs in all species of living organisms and may lead to an increase in genetic variation?

Answers

Answer:

The answer is Mutation. (Tell me if this is not an answer choice)

The core of the immune system is made up of
red blood cells.

platelets.

white blood cells.

intact skin.

intact mucus membranes.

Answers

Answer:

red blood cells

Explanation:

white blood cells are used for fighting against diseases

The answer is White blood cells

Which is an example of a limiting factor that is dependent on population size?

Answers

Answer: Food can be an obvious answer because people will not survive without food so they will die. And death means there will be a decrease on population size. So food can be a limiting factor that is dependent on population size.

Answer:

A limiting factor that depends on propulation size is called a density-dependent limiting factor.

Density- dependent limiting factors include: competition, predation, parasitism and disease.

.・。.・゜✭・have a nice day・✫・゜・。.

write features of animal cell​

Answers

Answer:

Cell membrane Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions happen

Nucleus Carries genetic information and controls what happens inside the cell

Mitochondria Where most respiration reactions happen

Answer:

Cell membrane Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions happen

Nucleus Carries genetic information and controls what happens inside the cell

Mitochondria Where most respiration reactions happen

Explanation:

Question 5 of 25
Engineers must design a process for producing a large amount of ammonia in a reasonable amount of time. Which criterion would the process need to meet
O A. The rate of product formation must be high.
B. The process must use a known technology.
C. The reactants must come from natural sources.
D. The rate of formation of the reactants must be high.
SUBMIT

Answers

An engineer while developing a procedure for producing a large amount of ammonia in a reasonable quantity of time must meet the standard that the process must utilize a known technology.

What is ammonia?

Ammonia exists as a colorless, pungent gas comprised of nitrogen and hydrogen. It exists as the easiest stable compound of these components and serves as a starting material for the production of numerous commercially important nitrogen combinations. The major usage of ammonia exists as a fertilizer. In the United States, it exists usually applied directly to the soil from tanks including liquefied gas.

Therefore, the (B) option exists as the correct answer.

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The plasma membrane A. is a mosaic of integral proteins embedded in a double layer of phospholipids B. is composed of a single layer of phospholipids C. can be easily, directly crossed by large charged particles D. primarily consists of non-polar sterols E. cannot be easily, directly crossed by small, hydrophobic particles

Answers

Answer:

The plasma membrane A is a mosaic of integral proteins embedded in a double layer of phospholipids

Explanation:

I'm pretty sure this is the correct answer

what are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic nucleus

Answers

Answer:

Prokariotics neucleos is free floating while Eukariotics stay in place

Explanation:

Spelling is hard

Which statement is true about the energy level of solids?
A.) Solids have more energy than water
B.) Solids have more energy than plasma
C.) Solids have the most amount of energy
D.) Solids have the least amount of energy

Answers

Answer:

The answer is D.) Solids have the least amount of energy

Explanation:

Because in a solid, particles are packed tightly together so they don't move much. The electrons of each atom are constantly in motion, so the atoms have a small vibration, but they are fixed in their position. Because of this, particles in a solid have very low kinetic energy.

Path-breaking medical procedures have begun to pay attention to how microscopic entities aid or hinder bodily health. For example, fecal transplants have helped cure chronic digestive ailments of people who have suffered for years. These new procedures treat the body not as a separate, contained biological entity but as a complex: ___________

a. biomedicine.
b. anthrobiotic environment.
c. personal biosystem.
d. human microbiome.

Answers

Human microbiome that is as complex entity of all the microorganism found in the entire body structure of all living organism and the exact location where they are found.

Fecal transplants is idea for replenishing of good bacteria in the body due to resistance from prolong use of antibiotics. It is specifically for treatment of resistance of antibiotic therapy due C. difficile colitis.

In patient  above 65, infected with  C. difficile colitis and  with resistance to antibiotic especially oral vancomycin, fecal transplant is applied to  effectively cure this.

The transplant is conducted through the Colonoscopy. Where the fecal is discharge into the colon  as the Colonoscope is withdrawal from the colon

.

Since natural  good bacteria are present  in fecal and have no effect on the good bacteria in the body, this procedure increased the total number of bacterial(microbiota),by stabilizing the the microbiome and curing the patients.

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In order for meiosis to create four, genetically different gametes, DNA replication must occur. Which of these best describes when DNA replication would occur during meiosis?
A) prior to meiosis I
B) prior to meiosis II
C) prophase I in meiosis I
D) prior to meiosis I and meiosis II​

Answers

Answer:

I guess prlor to melosis is the right answer


Which codon is the code for the amino acid valine (Val)?

Answers

Answer: A. GUC

Explanation:

Looking at the codon chart, we see that on the lower left corner (where first base in codon is G) the whole section matches to amino acid valine. Therefore, GUU, GUC, GUA, and GUG are all correct answers, but since GUC is the only correct choice in the four choices given, GUC is the answer to this question.

What does tonicity mean

Answers

the pattern of tones or stress in speech .
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