Answer:
Cobras Incorporated
Trial Balance
For the Month Ended March 31
Account Debit Credit
Cash $3,300
Account Receivable $4,000
Supplies $1,100
Prepaid Insurance $1,100
Buildings $53,000
Account Payable $2,100
Salaries Payable $300
Common stock $33,000
Retained earnings $17,500
Service Earnings $19,300
Salaries Expenses $6,200
Utilities Expenses $3,500
Total $72,200 $72,200
James is a curriculum planner in a school in a small town. Analyzing the past scores of his students, he realizes that students score well in the theory papers, but do poorly when they have to apply their knowledge practically. What can james do to Improve student grades in practical
application?
Answer:
James should introduce courses that will help students strengthen their practical knowledge. He can tie up with local businesses so that students can spend a few weeks working as apprentices. Students will have exposure to all kinds of practical work, and businesses will get interns who are enthusiastic about working and learning. If the students perofrm well, they also have the possibility of getting a job at these places after graduating.
Explanation:
(This is the actual sample answer so i would reccomend putting it in your own words to avoid plagerism) :)
James needs to start offering classes that will improve pupils' practical knowledge. He can do collaboration with the nearby companies to arrange for kids to serve as apprentices for a few weeks.
What does "collaboration" mean?The easiest approach to describe collaboration is to say that it is the process of two or more individuals or groups coming together to carry out a task or realize a goal. It can also be described as a group of people cooperating to achieve common objectives.
It is simple to become perplexed while discussing the various forms of organizational collaboration that make up the phenomenon. Your firm may, however, more clearly outline the quickest route to a digital transformation if you have a fundamental awareness of the various types of collaboration. The existence of a set of digital tools and an agile corporate culture that promotes good teamwork are the cornerstones of efficient collaboration. You are already prepared to start redefining the sorts of collaboration within your business if you have both of these elements in place.
When teams work well together, firms that want to flourish in a changing environment gain a lot of advantages. Starting out, having a strong collaborative work culture puts you ahead of the competition in terms of competitiveness. An organization that has productive employee collaboration is already well ahead of its rivals.
Who are apprentices?A person who apprentices learns a trade. Although an apprentice farmer receives very little pay, he or she has the opportunity to learn about farming by doing.
In the past, the only way to enter many professions was to become an apprentice. These days, we tend to think of it in terms of trades like bricklayers, butchers, and bakers. The same concept applies if you perform the same task in an office setting; it is typically referred to as an internship.
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TSW Inc. had the following data for last year. Net income = $800; Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT) = $700; Total assets = $3,000; and Total operating capital = $2,000. Information for the just-completed year is as follows: Net income = $1,000; Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT) = $925; Total assets = $2,600; and Total operating capital = $2,500. How much free cash flow did the firm generate during the just-completed year?
Elena Inc. has the following income statement. How much net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT) does the firm have?
Sales $2000
Cost 1200
Depreciation 100
EBIT 700
Interest expense 200
EBT 500
Taxes(35%) 175
Net income 325
Answer:
1. Free cash flow= NOPAT - Net investment in total operating capital
Free cash flow = $925 - ($2,500 - $2,000)
Free cash flow = $925 - $500
Free cash flow = $425.
2. Particulars Amount
Earnings before Interest and Tax $700
Less : Taxes at 35% $245
Net operating income after tax (NOPAT) $455
Therefore, The Net operating profit after Tax (NOPAT) is $455.
The concept of an "artificial being: refers to which form of business organization?
a) partnership
b) sole proprietorship
c) corporation
d) limited partnership
Answer:
Artificial Being refers to corporation form of business
Explanation:
From the list of given options, the option that answers the question is Corporation.
This is so because when group of people (called owners) form a corporation, they form a body and this body as a whole is given the legal status which is given to the owners.
In other words, the body which actually does not exist physically can act and take decisions on behalf of the owners in taking responsibilities.
So because of the inexistence, the corporation is referred to as an artificial being.
Hence, option c answers the question.
Perform ratio analysis, and discuss change in financial position and operating results
Condensed balance sheet and income statement data for Jergan Corporation are presented here.
JERGAN CORPORATION
Balance Sheet
December 31
2017 2016 2015
Cash $30,000 $20,000 $18,000
Accounts receivable (net) 50,000 45,000 48,000
Other current assets 90,000 95,000 64,000
Investments 55,000 70,000 45,000
Plant and equipment (net) 500,000 370,000 358,000
$725,000 $600,000 $533,000
Current liabilities $85,000 $80,000 $70,000
Long-term debt 145,000 85,000 50,000
Common stock, $10 par 320,000 310,000 300,000
Retained Earnings 175,000 125,000 113,000
$725,000 $600,000 $533,000
JERGAN CORPORATION
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31
2017 2016
Sales revenue $740,000 $600,000
Less: Sales return and allowances 40,000 30,000
Net sales 700,000 570,000
Cost of goods sold 425,000 350,000
Gross profit 275,000 220,000
Operating expenses 180,000 150,000
Net income 95,000 70,000
Additional information:
1. The market price of Jergan's common stock was $7.00, $7.50, and $8.50 for 2012,
2016, and 2017, respectively.
2. You must compute dividends paid. All dividends were paid in cash.
Instructions
(a) Compute the following ratios for 2016 and 2017.
(1) Profit margin. 5. Price-earnings ratio.
(2) Gross profit rate. 6. Payout ratio.
(3) Asset turnover. 7. Debt to assets ratio.
(4) Earnings per share.
Answer:
Please see below
Explanation:
1. Profit margin = Net profit / Net sales
2016 - Profit margin
= (70,000 / 570,000) * 100
= 12.28%
2017 - Profit margin
= (95,000 / 700,000) * 100
= 13.57
2. Gross profit rate = Gross profit / Net sales
2016 - Gross profit rate
= (220,000 / 570,000) * 100
= 38.60%
2017 - Gross profit rate
= (275,000 / 700,000) * 100
= 39.29%
3. Asset turnover = Net sales / Average total assets
2016 - Asset turnover
= (570,000 / [(600,000 + 533,000) / 2 ]
= 570,000 / 566,500
= 1.01 times
2017 - Asset turnover
= (700,000 / [(725,000 + 600,000) / 2 ]
= 700,000 / 662,500
= 1.06 times
4. Earnings per share = Net income / Outstanding shares
2016 - Earnings per share
= 70,000 / (310,000/10)
= 70,000 / 31,000
= $2.26 per share
2017 - Earnings per share
= 95,000/ (320,000/10)
= 95,000 / 32,000
= $2.97 per share.
5. Price earnings ratio = Market value per share / EPS
2016 - price earnings ratio
= 7.50 /2.26
= 3.32 times
2017 - price earnings ratio
= 8.50/2.97
= 2.86 times
6. Payout ratio = Dividend per share / Net income or earnings per share × 100
2016 - payout ratio
=
7. Debts to assets ratio = Total liabilities / Total assets
2016 - Debts to assets ratio
=
Simon Company had the following summarized operations for the month of May: cash sales, $32,000; sales on account, $18,000; expenses paid in cash, $5,000; expenses incurred on credit, $10,000. In addition, the company purchased equipment for $8,000 on account and supplies for $5,000 cash. The net income for the month of May is
Answer:
$35,000
Explanation:
The computation of net income for the month of may is given below:-
Net income for the month of may = Revenues - Expenses
= ($32,000 + $18,000) - ($5,000 + $10,000)
= $50,000 - $15,000
= $35,000
Therefore for computing the net income for the month of may we simply applied the above formula.
Hence, the net income is $35,000
What are the determinants of supply? Instructions: In order to receive full credit, you must make a selection for each option. For correct answer(s), click the box once to place a check mark. For incorrect answer(s), click the option twice to empty the box. Income unanswered Prices of other goods unanswered Technology unanswered Tastes and preferences unanswered Resource prices unanswered Number of producers
Answer:
Number of producers
Prices of other goods
Technology
Resource prices
Explanation:
Supply is the total amount of goods and services available to consumers in a market
The higher the number of producers, the higher the number of goods produced and the higher the supply all things being equal. The reverse would be the case if the number of producers fall.
If the price of other good increases, it would be more profitable to produce the other goods. As a result, the number of producers available to good would reduce.
Technological progress that reduces cost of production and makes production more efficient, would lead to an increase in supply.
If the price of inputs increases, it becomes more expensive to produce the good and as a result, supply would fall.
Which fund classification would a focus on only stocks of technology companies match?
a. Growth fund
b. Sector fund
c. Balanced fund
d. International fund
Answer:a
Explanation:
Corporation XYZ has taxable income of $70,000 for the current year. It will owe taxes of:__________
Answer:
Assuming that we are talking about this year, or the recent past, Corporation XYZ's tax expense = $70,000 x 21% = $14,700.
Explanation:
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (2017) set the corporate tax rate at 21%, and that applies to all corporations. Before the TC&JA the corporate tax rate was 35%.
Loeffler Company owns 35% of the common stock of Tetter Co. and uses the equity method to account for the investment. During 2021, Tetter reported income of $260,000 and paid dividends of $90,000. There is no amortization associated with the investment. During 2021, how much income should Loeffler recognize related to this investment
Answer:
Investment revenue = $91,000
Explanation:
the journal entry to record the dividends received would be:
Dr Cash 31,500
Cr Investment in Tetter Co. 31,500
the journal entry to record the reporting of the net income:
Dr Investment in Tetter Co. 91,000
Cr Investment revenue 91,000
When a company uses the equity method, any dividends received will decrease the carrying value of the investment, while any net income reported will be considered investment revenue.
The greatest importance of standing committees is that they ______.
a) permit the leadership to control the legislative process
b) give the president more power in the legislative process than he or she would have otherwise
c) control the influence of lobbyists on the legislative process
d) result in legislators who become experts in their committee's policy domain
Answer:
none of the above
Explanation:
Standing Committee is a term to describe a type of committee that is a mainstay and have a continual role, which is not specific to a particular assignment or undertaking.
Therefore, the greatest importance of standing committees is that they "increase congressional power by allowing detailed analysis and modification of legislation"
Hence, from the available options, there is none that is correct.
Taggart Goods Corp. just reported a net income of $8,000,000, and its current stock price is $17.50 per share. Taggart is forecasting an increase of 25% for its net income next year, but it also expects it will have to issue 2,400,000 new shares of stock (raising its shares outstanding from 5,500,000 shares to 7,900,000 shares). If Taggart’s forecast turns out to be correct and its price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio does not change, what does management expect its stock price to be one year from now? (Hint: If you choose to compute the firm’s price/earnings ratio, round its value to four decimal places.)
Answer:
$15.2279
Explanation:
Current P/E = Price per share * Share outstanding / Net Income
Current P/E = 17.5 * 5,500,000 / 8,000,000
Current P/E = 12.03
The Current P/E will remain the same next year
Next year P/E = Price * (New shares + Existing shares) / Next year earnings
12.03 = Price * (5,500,000 + 2,400,000) / 8,000,000 * 1.25
12.03 = Price * (7,900,000) / 10,000,000
12.03 * 10,000,000 = Price * (7,900,000)
Price = 120,300,000 / 7,900,000
Price = 15.22785
Hence, the price of shares next year will be $15.2279
How does a company's use of social media reflect audience-centered communication?
Answer:
There is an explanation of why the social media is so important today in the terms of communication regarding the marketing strategy in the companies below.
Explanation:
To begin with, nowadays the with the use of internet and more importantly the social media the companies have to adapt their strategy of communication according to the marketing theory in order to reach to the target audience who are the ones that will provide them with all of their primary profits when they sell. So that is why that social media has become one of the base aspects in which the company has to develop itself and try to to get better at it so that they could approach the consumers with that media of communication that is truly quite effective with the young consumers in the present time. Therefore that the social media reflects the most of the proper communication with the younger consumers nowadays, because it is a fundamental use of every day life for them.
Social media is important to industries to communicate wide to their target audience through advertisement.
Social media is an online platform that facilitates the exchange of information in terms of creation and sharing.
Social media is important to industries to communicate wide to their target audience through advertisement.
This advertisement serves as a form of marketing strategy for companies to engrave their product in the heart of the consumers.
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You talk to Luis, the Portuguese manager of the Austrian plant. He says the workers are uncooperative and do not carry out the instructions that he conveys to them. He shows you several emails in which they complain that he is too dominating, and that they find it hard to tell what he is thinking.What is your response to this situation
Answer:
Luis would be that he needs to focus more on relating to the employees
Explanation:
In this situation, the best response to Luis would be that he needs to focus more on relating to the employees. In doing so, Luis will understand the employee's frustrations and work towards a solution by making their work experience and tasks less stressful. This in term should drastically increase work motivation and thus work efficiency in the plant. It is always best to keep employees happy so that they work their best.
Milo has the following year-end account balances: Accounts Receivable, $5,000; Supplies, $12,000; Equipment, $18,000; Accounts Payable, $17,000; Owner’s Equity, $43,000. The Cash account balance was not available at year-end. Given the account balances listed, the balance in the Cash account should be
Answer:
$25,000
Explanation:
Calculation for what the balance in the Cash account should be
First step is to calculate for the Total Assets excluding Cash
Total Assets excluding Cash = $5,000 + $12,000 + $18,000
Total Assets excluding Cash = $35,000
Second step is to find the Total Liabilities & shareholder's equity
Total Liabilities & shareholder's equity = $17,000 + $43,000
Total Liabilities & shareholder's equity == $60,000
Last step is to calculate for the cash balance using this formula
Cash balance = Total Liabilities and shareholder's equity - Total Assets (excluding cash)
Cash balance = $60,000 - $35,000
Cash balance = $25,000
Therefore the balance in the Cash account should be $25,000
Green Corporation reported pretax book income of $1,012,000. During the current year, the net reserve for warranties increased by $50,600. In addition, tax depreciation exceeded book depreciation by $103,000. Finally, Green subtracted a dividends received deduction of $25,300 in computing its current year taxable income. Green's cash tax rate is:
Answer:
19.38%
Explanation:
Green corporation reported pretax book income as $1,012,000
The net reserve warranties increased by $50,600
Tax depreciation exceeded book depreciation by $103,000
The dividend received a deduction of $25,300
Cash tax rate= taxes payable/pre tax book income
The first step is to calculate the taxes payable
= $1,012,000 + $50,600 - $103,000 - $25,300 × 21%
= $934,300× 0.21
= $196,203
Therefore the cash tax rate can be calculated as follows
Cash tax rate= $196,203/$1,012,000
= 0.1938
= 19.38%
Hence Green's cash tax rate is 19.38%
PLEASE HELP ASAP, I NEED TO DO THIS BUT DONT KNOW HOW TO. Describe how free markets solve the problem of coordination. Why do command economies struggle with this problem?
Why we do need change management
Types of controls used to assess the effectiveness of marketing operations
Multiple Choice Question The following selected information pertains to Wilson Company. Current liabilities: $100; long-term liabilities: $150; contributed capital: $120; retained earnings: $50; accumulated other comprehensive income: $20. The company's debt to equity ratio (rounded to two digits after the decimal point) is
Answer:
The debt to equity ratio is 1.32
Explanation:
The computation of the debt to equity ratio is shown below;
Debt to equity ratio is
= Debt ÷ equity
where, Debt is long term + current liabilities
And, the equity is contributed capital + retained earnings + other incomes
= ($100 + $150) ÷ ($120 + $50 + $20)
= $250 ÷ $190
= 1.32
Hence, the debt to equity ratio is 1.32
The following standard costs pertain to a component part manufactured by Bor Company: An outside supplier has offered to supply all of the parts needed by Bor Company for $50 each. The 60% of the manufacturing overhead cost that is fixed would be unaffected by this decision. In the decision to "make or buy," what is the relevant unit cost to make the part internally?
Answer:
$30
Explanation:
The computation of relevant unit cost to make the part internally is shown below:-
Relevant cost of making part = Direct material + Direct labor + Manufacturing overhead
= $4 + $10 + ($40 - (100% - $60%)
= $4 + $10 + ($40 - 40%)
= $4 + $10 + $16
= $30
So, for computing the relevant unit cost to make the part internally we simply applied the above formula.
What is meant by Sandel's use of the phrase "a common currency"?
A. Sandel meant that utilitarianism only thinks of moral values in terms of monetary currency
B. Sandel meant that utilitarianism tells us that we should never eat each other, no matter how hungry we are
C. Sandel meant that utilitarianism aims to level all values to equal standing so that they can be quantified and measured
D. Sandel meant that utilitarianism relies on a theory of human nature as composed of base and higher capacities
Answer:
C. Sandel meant that utilitarianism aims to level all values to equal standing so that they can be quantified and measured
Explanation:
The common currency is the currency that are shared by the different countries
Utilitarianism refers to a theory in which the goods things are to be rise and the bad things would be decline also it shows the outcome of an action that generated right and wrong concept
Therefore it provides a measure that should be common depend upon the values
Hence, the option c is correct
Which approach describes how leaders act?
a. Trait.
b. Skills.
c. Leader-member exchange.
d. Behavioral
Answer:
d. Behavioral
Explanation:
Behavioral approach defines how a leader interact with its followers. It also includes the actions of a leader towards its followers.
In behavioral approach to leadership, anyone can become a leader if they want to, but such leader trainings and observations for effective leadership. The behavioral approach centers on interpersonal relationship between a leader and its followers. There is also an aspect of behavioral approach - task behavior which focuses on workers achieving set targets at workplace while relationship behavior help workers feel safe and comfortable by their leaders in their place of work.
On the budgeted balance sheet,the number for notes payable will come from the ________.
A) operating budget
B) schedule of cash receipts
C) cash budget
D) cost of goods sold budget
Answer:
B) schedule of cash receipts
Explanation:
Personally, I do not consider this option to be 100% correct since it is incomplete. The correct answer is: debt service budget.
When you are preparing a budgeted balance sheet, you might get some information about receiving cash by issuing notes payables, but notes payables can include other transactions besides cash loans. E.g. You might finance the purchase of equipment by issuing a promissory note. You could also refinance outstanding credits from suppliers with notes payables. And many others, and none is related to cash receipts.
As a part of internal accounting controls, the activity called
involves detecting and avoiding errors
Answer:
As a part of internal accounting controls, the activity called RECONCILIATION involves detecting and avoiding errors.
Explanation:
Reconciliation involves detecting and avoiding errors since it helps management to discover or detect any mistakes and errors, and can also help to understand why these errors occurred and how to prevent future mistakes.
Reconciliation is basically comparing two different accounting records and making sure that they match, e.g. reconciliation of bank account and cash balance. If you cannot reconcile the company's bank account with its cash balance, it means something is wrong. Is the mistake intentional? Why did it occur? How can you prevent it from happening again? Can it be solved?
Answer:
The answer you are looking for is risk assessment
The Mifflin Cable store in Buffalo is currently offering a fabulous marketing strategy for potential new cable and Internet customers. Mifflin Cable offers new customers who purchase a cable and Internet package a DVR, modem, and all other necessary equipment with a two year contract. In terms of Porter's Five Forces what is Mifflin Cable attempting to achieve with this marketing strategy
Answer:
C. Decrease buyer power
Explanation:
Since in the question it is mentioned that the Mifflin Cable store offers a great marketing strategy that the combos of all the things would be based on the two year contract
So this given situation represents the decrease in buyer power as if there is less bargaining power so the company is able to rise the profit that is actually motive of every organization
Therefore the option C is correct
Marwick's Pianos Inc. purchases pianos from a large manufacturer and sells them at the retail level.The pianos cost, on average, $1,488 each from the manufacturer.Marwick's Pianos Inc. sells the pianos to its customers at an average price of $2,900 each.The selling and administrative costs that the company incurs in a typical month are presented below:Costs Cost FormulaSelling:Advertising $942 per monthSales salaries and commissions $4,799 per month, plus 3% of salesDelivery of pianos to customers $60 per piano soldUtilities $650 per monthDepreciation of sales facilities $4,945 per monthAdministrative:Executive salaries $13,566 per monthInsurance $685 per monthClerical $2,480 per month, plus $36 per piano soldDepreciation of office equipment $900 per monthDuring August, Marwick's Pianos Inc. sold and delivered 63 pianos.Required:1. Prepare an income statement for Marwick's Pianos Inc. for August. Use the traditional format, with costs organized by function.2. Prepare an income statement for Marwick's Pianos Inc. for August, this time using the contribution format, with costs organized by behavior. Show costs and revenues on both a total and a per unit basis down through contribution margin.
Answer:
1) Marwick's Pianos Inc.
Income Statement
For the month ended August 202x
Total sales revenue $182,700
Cost of goods sold ($93,744)
Gross profit $88,956
Administrative expenses:Executive salaries ($13,566)Clerical salaries ($4,748)Depreciation office equipment ($900)Utilities ($650) ($19,864)Sales expenses:
Sales salaries and commissions ($10,280)Delivery expense ($3,780)Advertising ($942)Depreciation of sales facilities ($4,945) ($19,947)Operating income $49,145
2) Marwick's Pianos Inc.
Income Statement
For the month ended August 202x
Total sales revenue $182,700
Variable costs:
Pianos ($93,744)Sales commissions ($5,481)Clerical commissions ($2,268)Delivery expense ($3,780) ($105,273)Contribution margin $77,427
Period costs:
Executive salaries ($13,566)Clerical salaries ($2,480) Sales and commissions ($4,799)Advertising ($942)Depreciation expense ($5,845)Utilities expense ($650) ($28,282)Operating income $49,145
Explanation:
cost of a piano = $1,488
selling price per piano = $2,900
advertising $942 per month
sales and commissions $4,799 + 3% commissions on sales
delivery of pianos = $60 per piano
utilities expense = $650
depreciation expense = $4,945
executive salaries = $13,566
clerical salaries = $2,480 + $36 per piano
depreciation = $900
63 pianos sold during August
cost of goods sold = $1,488 x 63 = $93,744
total sales revenue = $2,900 x 63 = $182,700
sales commissions = $5,481
clerical commissions = $2,268
In October 2014, Anheuser Busch InBev (AB InBev) acquired 100 percent of the common stock of SABMiller Group by paying $103,136 million in total consideration. On the acquisition date, the total fair value assigned to tangible and intangible assets acquired (excluding goodwill) was $61,896 million, while the total fair value assigned to liabilities assumed was $31,165 million. What is the value of goodwill recognized in AB InBev's consolidated financial statements as a result of the SABMiller Group acquisition?
Answer:
the value of goodwill recognized in AB InBev's consolidated financial statements is $70,405.
Explanation:
Goodwill is the excess of the Purchase consideration over the Fair Value of the Net assets taken over.
Calculation of Goodwill
Purchase Consideration $103,136
Less Fair Value of Net Assets taken over :
Fair Value of Assets $61,896
Fair Value of Liabilities ($31,165) ($30,731)
Goodwill $70,405
On January 1 of the current year, Jimmy's Sandwich Company reported total stockholders’ equity of $125,000. During the current year, total revenues were $100,000 while total expenses were $89,500. Also, during the current year the company paid $24,000 in dividends. No other changes in equity occurred during the year. The change in total equity during the year was:
Answer: ($13,000)
Explanation:
Closing balance of Equity = Opening Balance + Retained earnings
Retained earnings = Net Income - dividends
Formula above shows that equity changes as a result of Retained earnings which is the net of Net Income and Dividends.
Change in equity will be = Net Income - Dividends
= (100,000 - 89,500) - 24,000
= -$13,500
Equity reduces by $13,500
Good X is produced in a competitive market using input A. Explain what would happen to the supply of good X in each of the following situations: a. The price of input A decreases. It will not change. It will increase. It will decrease. b. An excise tax of $3 is imposed on good X. It will increase. It will not change. It will decrease. c. An ad valorem tax of 7 percent is imposed on good X. It will increase. It will decrease. It will not change. d. A technological change reduces the cost of producing additional units of good X. It will increase. It will not change. It will decrease.
Answer:
a. It will increase.
b. It will decrease
c. It will decrease
d. it will increase.
Explanation:
If the price of an input needed for production of good X decreases, the cost of production of good X reduces. It becomes cheaper to produce good X and and as a result the supply of good X would increase.
An increase in tax increases the cost of production and makes production of good X more expensive. As a result, the supply of good X would fall.
technological change that reduces the cost of producing additional units of good X, would make the production of good X less expensive. As a result, the supply of good X would increase
Negative inflationary surprises lead to a(n):____________.
A) increase in the real interest rate.
B) redistribution of wealth from borrowers to lenders.
C) decline in the nominal interest rate.
D) decline in inflation risk for lenders.
E) redistribution of wealth from lenders to borrowers.
Answer: increase in real interest rate
Explanation:
Negative inflationary surprises lead to an increase in the real interest rate. The real interest rate is simply defined as the rate of interest that a saver, investor, or a lender will receive after inflation ahs been allowed.
It should be noted that the real interest rate is the nominal interest rate minus inflation. Therefore, a negative inflationary surprises lead to a rise in the real interest rate.